Centrifugal Fan

Your Professional Centrifugal Fan Manufacturer in China

HUAHAO group specializes in the research and development and manufacture of motors & blowers. Our services are widely applied to the fields of home appliances: Range hood, industrial heater, Air cooler, Air condition, Air purifier, dehumidifier…etc and other ventilation systems

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Centrifugal Fan
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What is Centrifugal Fan

 

A centrifugal fan is a mechanical device for moving air or other gases in a direction at an angle to the incoming fluid. Centrifugal fans often contain a ducted housing to direct outgoing air in a specific direction or across a heat sink; such a fan is also called a blower, blower fan, or squirrel-cage fan (because it looks like a hamster wheel). Tiny ones used in computers are sometimes called biscuit blowers. These fans move air from the rotating inlet of the fan to an outlet. They are typically used in ducted applications to either draw air through ductwork/heat exchanger, or push air through similar impellers. Compared to standard axial fans, they can provide similar air movement from a smaller fan package, and overcome higher resistance in air streams.

How Does a Centrifugal Fan Work

 

The working principle of centrifugal blowers is relatively simple. They employ centrifugal force - the force created when an object moves around a rotation point.
In effect, the energy of the rotation is transferred to the air or gas. This means that impellers have the mechanical function of rotors-rotating components that introduce energy into a system. The opposite of a rotor is a turbine, a device which removes energy from a mechanical system for use elsewhere.

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Benefits of Centrifugal Fans
 

Multiple Sizes

These fans are available in several sizes to accommodate diverse applications-such as those found in tight spaces or difficult to reach areas.

Enhanced Durability

These fans are durable enough to properly operate in the most corrosive and erosive environments.

Ability to Restrict Overloading

Certain centrifugal fans are fitted with non-overloading horsepower curves will ensure the motor will not overload if its capacity is exceeded.

Easy to Maintain

Lighter material fans can be easily cleaned when you deem it necessary. Moreover, certain fans have self-cleaning characteristics, making daily maintenance that much easier.

High Versatility

Centrifugal fans are useful for multiple airflow/pressure combinations, and they can process several airflow conditions, including clean, dry, and wet air.

First-rate Energy Efficiency

Constant airflow allows centrifugal fans to generate energy that reaches up to 84% static efficiency. These higher efficiency levels are ideal for sustaining larger air systems.

 

The Different Types of Centrifugal Fans
Fan Motors For Exhaust Fans
Fan Motors For Exhaust Fans
Ventilation Blower Fan
Exhaust Blower Motor

Forward Curved Centrifugal Fans
Forward curved centrifugal fans have a relatively large amount of forward facing curved impeller blades (facing the direction of rotation of the impeller). The blades are relatively shallow in terms of the length of the blade arc. Forward curved fans can either be of a single-inlet or double-inlet type with air inlet to the impellers at right angles to the direction of airflow through the fan.
This type of fan requires a fan scroll housing or volute to convert the high velocity air exiting the blades into static pressure and also to provide directionality for the output airflow. The power demand for this type of fan steadily increases in proportion to the airflow being delivered, meaning that motors can easily be overloaded if operating at higher flow rates and lower pressures.
This type of fan is particularly suited to higher flow rate applications requiring lower operating speeds in comparison with a backward curved fan, but has a lower overall efficiency when compared with a backward curved fan.

Backward Curved Centrifugal Fans
Backward curved centrifugal fans typically have fewer impeller blades which are facing away from the direction of rotation of the impeller. The blades have a longer blade arc length in comparison with forward curved fans, so in general tend to be larger in diameter.
The impellers usually have a shaped inlet shroud at the inlet side to the impeller and can be either single-inlet or double-inlet in design. In contrast to a forward curved impeller, static pressure is developed across the depth of the impeller blade meaning that backward curved impellers can be configured for use either with or without a fan scroll. Adding a fan scroll can provide a better pressure characteristic so is therefore suited to combustion (boiler) fan applications or applications which need a higher pressure capability. Operation without a fan scroll is more suited to applications with higher flow rate requirements. The power demand for a backward curved impeller fan, typically peaks around the middle of its performance characteristic, so that the motor is less liable to be overloaded at lower pressures & higher flow rates.
Backward curved fans offer an improved level of efficiency in comparison to a forward curved impeller type, but typically require higher speeds of operation to achieve higher airflow rates.

Crossflow &Tangential Fans
Crossflow & tangential fans consist of an extended forward curved impeller type (similar to a cylindrical lawn mower blade) and also requires the use of a type of fan scroll (volute). Instead of the air entering the impeller through the eye of the impeller, for this type of fan the scroll housing has an opening on one side usually at 90° from the direction of the air outlet.
This type of fan is suited to applications that require a high airflow rate but at low system restriction pressures. Due to the reduced overall height of this product type it is particularly suited to high flow rate applications within a reduced space envelope. This type of product has similar characteristics to a regular forward curved fan in terms of its power usage, but has a lower overall efficiency than a regular forward curved fan.
Due to the blade length and proximity to the scroll housing’s inlet, these types of fans are can suffer from excessive noise levels or blade passing noise. These fans are also not suited to higher pressure applications and quickly become unstable when subjected to higher system restriction pressures.

Radial Bladed Fans
Radial bladed fans are in some ways similar to a backward curved impeller, but have straight impellers blades typically angled backwards from the direction of rotation but can sometimes be vertical from the impeller axis.
Radial bladed fans act in a very similar way to a regular backward curved fan but for most applications require the use of a fan scroll to provide directionality of flow and convert some air velocity into static pressure. Radially bladed impellers can used for recirculation fans to spread air in all directions, such as in an oven. For recirculation type fans, the impeller is usually of a single piece construction (without an inlet shroud) and has fewer blades and a more open construction. This is to prevent the build-up of contamination on the impeller blades (e.g. soot), particularly in high temperature applications where exhaust gasses are being handled.
Radially bladed fans can also be used in applications that require the fan to have reversible direction of operation in which case the quantity of blades can be higher and are orientated radially from the rotational axis. Depending on the design of impeller used, the power requirement can vary significantly as can overall efficiency, but in general these types of impellers are less efficient than a backward curved fan.

 

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Applications for Centrifugal fans

Industrial Ventilation
Centrifugal fans are used in Industrial Ventilation Systems to Exhaust Fumes, smoke, and other pollutants from manufacturing processes, warehouses, and workshops. They are also used to maintain a positive pressure in cleanrooms to prevent the entry of contaminants.

HVAC Systems

Centrifugal fans are widely used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning HVAC systems to move air through ducts and distribute it throughout a building. They are also used in air handling units to regulate temperature and humidity levels.

Air Purification

Air purification systems use Centrifugal fan to remove dust, pollen, and other airborne particles. They are commonly found in air purifiers, air scrubbers, and dust collectors.

Power Generation

Centrifugal fan are used in power plants to provide cooling air to the condenser, which converts steam back into the water. They are also used in cooling towers to dissipate heat from the cooling water.

Material Handling

Centrifugal fan are used in Material Handling systems to transport bulk materials such as grain, sand, and flour. They are also used in pneumatic conveying systems to move powdered and granular materials through pipelines.

 

 
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Common Problem of Centrifugal Fan

 

Q: What is difference between centrifugal and axial fan?

A: Centrifugal fans can produce a high-pressure airflow, based on how the fan blades are angled. Adversely, the blades of an axial fan are in line with the axis, which provides a larger, low-pressure airflow. Furthermore, axial fans tend to be lighter than centrifugal fans, due to the low-pressure output. Centrifugal fans, especially backwards curved fans, have higher air pressure, making them heavier with a more robust housing. Even more so, axial fans’ lighter smaller build means that in some cases, they are cheaper than centrifugal fans.

Q: What is the purpose of a centrifugal blower?

A: The centrifugal blowers are used in industries where there is a requirement for larger volumes of airflow with high pressure. They are highly useful in industrial processes like conveying material in dust collector systems, combustion air for burners, drying and cooling, general ventilation, and circulation of air.

Q: What is centrifugal inline fan?

A: Inline Centrifugal and Mixed Flow Fans are designed for general ventilation and industrial applications where large volumes of clean air are required at low to moderate pressures. Inline centrifugal and mixed flow fans provide the performance of a centrifugal fan with the space-saving advantages of an axial-type fan.

Q: What are the advantages of centrifugal blower?

A: Of all blower choices, centrifugal blowers have several advantages over other types due to their wide operating range and high speed. The variations in centrifugal blowers are air flow capacity, blower type, blower dimensions, and operating pressure. Regardless of the variations, centrifugal blowers can be customized and adapted to fit any type of industrial application.

Q: What are the characteristics of a centrifugal fan?

A: Centrifugal Fans have a motor in the center to which the impeller is attached, and don't have a frame like that of axial fans. While axial fans draw in air axially and discharge it in the same direction from the other side, Centrifugal Fans draw in air axially and discharge it radially, changing the direction by 90°.

Q: Are centrifugal fans better?

A: Their design, with an enclosure surrounding the moving parts, is reliable, durable, and quite difficult to damage. The combination of high pressure with low volume air delivery makes centrifugal fans perfect for moving air through a concentrated area like ductwork or pipes, or for exhaust or ventilation uses.

Q: What is an example of a centrifugal fan?

A: One of the most common types of centrifugal fans is a roof ventilation fan. These are common in commercial kitchens and labs and come in two different types: upblast and downblast. Upblast fans move the air upward away from the roof. Air with a lot of grease, dirt, toxins, or chemicals should be moved up and away from the roof with an upblast fan, rather than downward.

Q: What is the full form of BLDC?

A: The full form of bldc is brushless Direct current. BLDC fan meaning is bldc motor use in bldc ceiling fan compare to induction motor in normal ceiling fan. With the use of bldc motor in ceiling fan we can save 60% electricity in the ceiling fan. Bldc fan lifespan is more than a normal ceiling fan because there is no heat generated in BLDC Motor hence its increases lifespan of ceiling fan bearings, also there are fewer chances for the winding failure due to the use of high thickness copper wire in the winding.

Q: What size are centrifugal fans?

A: The Centrifugal Fan range of backward-inclined laminar or aerofoil-section fans, encompasses both single-width and double-width units. They feature high strength fully welded mild steel casings and each range is available in 20 sizes, extending from 305mm (12 inch) to 2035mm (80 inch) diameter.

Q: How do centrifugal fans work?

A: Centrifugal fans use the kinetic energy of the impellers to move the air stream, which in turn moves against the resistance caused by ducts, dampers and other components. Centrifugal fans displace air radially, changing the direction (typically by 90°) of the airflow.

Q: What is the pressure of a centrifugal fan?

A: Single stage centrifugal fans generally produce airflow at static pressure ranging from 100mmWG to as high as 2000mmWG. These fans propel air mass perpendicular to air incoming axial direction, creating centrifugal effect. It can be envisaged that the leading edge of impeller blades scoop air mass, churning them outwards, before being thrown out at trailing edge of the blades. As such, diameter of blades at leading edge represents main factor in determining airflow volume. The bigger its inlet diameter, the higher its airflow. As static pressure is generated by centrifugal force of the impeller, bigger impeller overall diameter produces higher static pressure of the airflow. For this reason, high pressure range of centrifugal fan has bigger but thinner body.

Q: Are centrifugal fans loud?

A: Both centrifugal and axial fans produce audible and electromagnetic noise, but centrifugal designs tend to be louder than axial models. Since both fan designs use motors, EMI effects can impact system performance in sensitive applications. A centrifugal fan’s high-pressure, low-volume output ultimately makes it ideal for airflow in concentrated areas like pipes or ductwork (Figure 3), or for ventilation and exhaust. This means they work well in air conditioning or drying systems, while their added durability mentioned earlier can allow for operation in harsh environments that deal with particulates, hot air, and gasses. In terms of electronic applications, centrifugal fans are commonly utilized in laptops due to their low profile and higher directionality (airflow expelled at 90 degrees from the intake).

Q: How do you calculate centrifugal fan?

A: Because it seems that these fans generate energy…. If we fill this in with the air and pressure data you provide and with the assumption that this fan has 87% efficiency, we arrive at the following formula: 15,000 m3/h x 2500 Pa : 3600 : 870 = 11.97 kW…. So a fan with 87% efficiency has a power consumption of 11.97kW.

Q: Are centrifugal fans quiet?

A: In general, centrifugal fans can produce noise levels ranging from around 40 dB(A) to over 80 dB(A), with higher speeds generally resulting in higher noise levels. However, many manufacturers provide specific noise data for their fan models, which can help determine the noise levels more accurately.

Q: What is KV in BLDC?

A: The motor velocity constant (Kv) is a measure of the relationship between the speed of a brushless DC motor (BLDC) and the voltage applied to it. It is typically measured in units of revolutions per minute per volt (RPM/V). The Kv of a BLDC motor is determined by the number of windings in the stator and the number of magnets in the rotor.

Q: What is axial flow fan?

A: An axial flow fan is a type of industrial fan used to cool machines and equipment which heat up after use. Axial flow fans are the type of compressor, which produces airflow parallel to the axis, thus the name. These fans are equipped with impellers, which suck the air in and discharge in the same direction of the axis. There are AC as well as DC axial flow fans. It may be designed in different ways such as with a duct or a mounting ring, and so on, depending upon the requirement. So, there are different standard designs which can be customized based on your device and installation type. The materials and accessories used for the fan are decided on these and other physical factors such as the environment it would be exposed to, temperature, moisture, pressure, and so on. This post discusses various designs of axial flow fans, and general features.

Q: What is mixed flow fan?

A: Mixed-flow fans offer a unique combination of the best features found in both axial and centrifugal fans. Combining the best features of both fan types of high flow, high-pressure development, a non-stall characteristic and low noise, these fans provide distinct advantages in various applications.

Q: What is the difference between a blower and a centrifugal fan?

A: Broth these machines are used to flow a gas of mostly air in a large area but the main difference between fan and blower is that the fan is operate at low pressure while blower is operate at high pressure. These machines are used in many industrial machines for air conditioning or cooling purpose.

Q: What is the maximum vibration level of a centrifugal fan?

A: There are many factors that can have a substantial effect on the vibration level of air movement equipment; such as wheel balance, rotational speed, drive components, motor operation and wiring. Providing equipment that operates well within acceptable vibration levels requires consistent quality in production and attention to details. Only quality-driven companies spend the extra time and money required to make this kind of commitment. For example: Each fan shall be vibration tested before shipping, as an assembly, in accordance with AMCA 204-05. Each assembled fan shall be test run at the factory at the specified fan RPM. Vibration signatures shall be taken on each fan bearing in the horizontal, vertical, and axial directions. The maximum allowable fan vibration level shall be 0.15 in./sec. peak velocity, filter-in, at the fan RPM when the fan is rigidly mounted.

Q: What is the importance of centrifugal fan?

A: Industrial Ventilation: Centrifugal fans are used in Industrial Ventilation Systems to Exhaust Fumes, smoke, and other pollutants from manufacturing processes, warehouses, and workshops. They are also used to maintain a positive pressure in cleanrooms to prevent the entry of contaminants.

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